Following the resignation of a prime minister, the entire Cabinet of Ministers resigns as well. The president then holds consultations with parliamentary factions and appoints a candidate for the position of prime minister.
The nominee for prime minister has 15 days to form a government team, prepare a governing program, and request a vote of confidence from Parliament.
Parliament approves the new government with the votes of a majority of elected lawmakers. After that, the president appoints the Cabinet of Ministers by decree, and government officials take the oath of office and officially assume their positions.
Under the Constitution, Parliament may be dissolved if it fails to approve a vote of confidence for forming a government within 45 days from the first request, and only after at least two failed attempts to obtain parliamentary approval.
At the same time, Article 85 of the Constitution states that if it is impossible to form a government or if the legislative process is blocked for three months, the president may dissolve Parliament after consulting parliamentary factions.
Since former Prime Minister Alexandru Munteanu resigned on July 3, 2026, a new government must be appointed by October 3, 2026, in order to avoid early parliamentary elections.
If this deadline expires, the president is required to dissolve Parliament, according to the interpretation of the law issued by the Constitutional Court in 2013.
The 2013 ruling states that the three-month period begins from the moment the circumstances requiring the formation of a new government arise, regardless of when the official government formation procedures begin. The period includes consultations with parliamentary factions and other legally required steps and represents the final deadline for establishing a new executive.
Before Parliament can be dissolved, the president must submit a request to the Constitutional Court, and the judges must confirm that the constitutional circumstances for dissolution exist. The authority to assess when such circumstances have emerged and to submit the request belongs exclusively to the president of the country.